On the human body, hair grows practically everywhere, with the exception of the palms of our hands and the soles of our feet. Our hair is made up of a protein known as keratin, which is also the same protein in our nails. This protein is produced in hair follicles in the outer layer of the skin. When follicles make new hair cells, the old cells get pushed out through the surface of the skin, at the rate of about 5 or 6 inches a year. In other words, the hair you see is really a string of dead keratin cells. An average adult has about 100,000 to 150,000 hairs on their head and loses as many as 100 per day, under normal conditions. You shouldn’t be alarmed if you noticed some stray hairs on your brush after you comb your hair because it happens to everyone and it’s not out of the ordinary.
At any point in time, around 90% of the hair on a person’s scalp is growing. Every follicle has its life cycle of its own, which can be influenced by disease, age, and various other factors. There are three phases to this life cycle. The first phase is known as Anagen, which is active hair growth and lasts as few as two years or as much as six years. Second, there is Catagen, which is transitional and lasts just two to three weeks. Third, there is Telogen, which is the resting phase and lasts around two or three months. When this phase is over, the hair is shed and new hair takes its place of it and the growing cycle begins over again.
The more people age, the slower their rate of hair growth gets. The gradual thinning of hair with age is natural and is known as involutional alopecia. This occurs when more and more hair follicles go into the telogen or “resting phase”, and the hairs that are left become shorter and less in number.
Another form of hair loss is called androgenic alopecia. This is a genetically predestined condition and affects men, as well as women. Men who have this condition may notice significant hair loss as young as their late teens or early 20s. As for women with this condition, they aren’t likely to have any major hair loss until over the age of 40. When men have this condition it’s typically referred to as “male pattern baldness” and when women have it, it’s commonly called “female pattern baldness”.
Even some children and young teens can get a form of alopecia, known as alopecia areata. With this condition, hair loss is usually patchy and its onset is sudden. There is a chance that it may result in complete baldness, but fortunately, in about 90% of the cases, the hair returns within a couple of years. Another hair loss condition that mostly affects only children or mentally ill adults is trichotillomania. This is a psychological disorder, in which the person tears out their own hair.
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