Anagen Effluvium – This is permanent hair loss that is caused by permanent damage to the very structure of the hair. It can be caused by a number of factors, not including but not limited to:
Stress – This may refer to either physical or emotional stress that may result from internal tensions, surgery, illness, death of a family member or loved one as well as rapid weight loss or gain.
Medical Conditions – There are a number of medical conditions which can lead to permanent hair loss. Some of the more common ones are:
Thyroid disorders – Thyroid disorders result in the loss of hair due to the fact that the thyroid gland regulates hormonal functions. Sudden shifts and changes in hormonal levels are perhaps the number one contributing factor to hair loss.
Autoimmune disorders – This broad category can refer to a number of illnesses and diseases and covers anything that prevents the body from being able to defend itself against illness.
Diabetes – Diabetes is one of the most common known diseases to result in hair loss; in fact, it may be one of the first symptoms a diabetic patient notices before diagnosis
Fevers – The onset of extremely high fevers, such as scarlet fever or fevers resulting from typhoid, are also known to result in hair loss.
Certain Medications – Some medications can have adverse side effects, resulting in the loss of hair. The most common types of medications that cause hair loss are blood thinners, also known as anti-coagulants; commonly prescribed for individuals with heart and blood pressure problems. Birth control pills and some antidepressants have also been known to cause hair loss.
Hormonal Changes – Hormonal changes can occur as a result of either problem with the glands within the body that are meant to regulate hormones, such as the thyroid, or as a result of menopause or pregnancy. In some cases hair loss due to pregnancy is permanent; in others, it is only temporary.
Lack of Proper Hygiene – Individuals who do not take care to use proper hygiene, resulting in a build-up of excess oil and dirt on the scalp, may also develop problems with hair loss. This is thought to be due to the fact that the hair follicle becomes clogged, preventing the sebaceous gland from working properly. Infection in the scalp due to a lack of proper hygiene can also result in hair loss.
Androgenetic Alopecia – This is the term that is used to refer to permanent hair loss that results from the effects of genetic conditions. This condition is most commonly referred to as male or female pattern baldness. The difference between male and female pattern baldness is that men generally tend to begin the balding process with a receding hairline. This condition normally begins to make its appearance in men when they are in their 20s or 30s. Only about 30% of all males begin to experience some hair loss or thinning by their 30s. Approximately half of all men will experience some hair loss by age 50, however. At first, it may appear as just a very gradual receding of the hairline. In other cases, male pattern baldness appears later in life and may make a rather sudden appearance.
However, in women hair typically becomes thin all over the top of the scalp and normally does not present until later in life.
It is widely believed that a type of androgen naturally produced within the body is at the root of hair loss. Androgens are hormones produced in both males and females and are responsible for many functions including the stimulation of adrenaline. The body most commonly signals the production of adrenaline during very stressful situations. The link between the production of adrenaline and androgens is also believed to be why stress causes hair loss. As the body produces more adrenaline, excess amounts of androgens, specifically DHT, or dihydrotestosterone, are produced. DHT has been associated with hair loss in both males and females for a number of years. While it is quite normal for the body to produce quantities of this hormone because it is also responsible for several other functions in men, including sex drive, it is the overproduction of DHT that leads to hair loss. DHT is believed to be overproduced within the body when an enzyme known as 5 alpha-reductase changes testosterone to DHT.
The reason so many people, men especially, see a significant loss of hair on the front, top, and crown of the head is because these are the areas of the scalp where people spend most of their time and energy combing, shampooing, and styling their hair. There is no scientific evidence to indicate that shampooing, brushing, or combing one’s hair will lead to hair loss. However, when the anagen phase has been reduced and the number of hairs within the telogen phase begins to increase as a result, it is much easier for these hairs to become loosened during the process of shampoo and combing. Hairs on the back and sides of the head do not seem to be as affected by the reduced anagen phase because they are generally not being as manipulated as often. Since the anagen phase has been reduced, the growth cycle can catch up fast enough to compensate for the lost hairs.
Telogen Effluvium – This is temporary hair loss due to changes within the structure of the hair. It is most commonly represented by Alopecia Aerata. Although this condition can be quite frightening when it first appears, it is completely temporary. In this condition, hair is lost in small patches, usually forming a circular or coin-shaped bald spot. It is believed to be due to some type of autoimmune disorder and while it is temporary and the hair will grow back, many individuals with this disorder report recurring episodes throughout their lives.
Chemotherapy and radiation therapy – The result of hair loss due to this medical condition is no big surprise. This side effect has been documented for decades. It is caused by the destruction of the cells within the chemotherapy process. Within a year’s time, hair has usually begun to grow again.
Pregnancy and childbirth – Although it is quite common for many women to notice their hair becomes stronger, healthier, thicker, and more luxuriant during pregnancy, just the opposite is also true for a small number of women. In these rare cases, instead of hair growing faster and thicker, it begins to fall out altogether. This type of situation is rare and almost always temporary. The hair commonly reverts back to its normal growth rate after childbirth.
There are a number of other medical conditions which can cause the loss or thinning of hair, really quite too many to mention. However, the point is that hair loss may or may not be the effect of aging and genetic factors. Before any attempt is made at replacing hair loss through surgical means, the reason for the hair loss must first be established.
This can be critical in determining whether surgical methods, such as hair transplants, will be successful.
Hair loss due to any type of medical condition is generally accompanied by other symptoms such as confusion, loss of appetite, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea and weight loss. If any of these symptoms appear to be accompanying hair loss it is critical that medical attention from a qualified health professional be sought immediately.
It is critical to understand the many different reasons for hair loss in order to understand whether the situation is reversible due to natural methods or whether one might be a suitable candidate for hair transplant surgery. Permanent hair loss is referred to as anagen effluvium. Medications and certain medical conditions can lead to permanent hair loss. One type of permanent hair loss, known as androgenetic alopecia, is permanent hair loss characterized by genetic factors. Androgenic alopecia is also commonly known as male and female pattern baldness. It is thought to be caused by the androgen hormones; specifically, testosterone is converted into DHT by the enzyme 5-alpha-reductase. As the levels of DHT rise within the body, the hair follicles shrink, the active hair growth phase becomes reduced and new hair growth is not able to catch up with hair loss in the catagen phase.
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